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Construction Method

The construction methods for various types of retaining piles are broadly similar, including impact driving, vibratory driving, static pressing, and pile-driving methods. The specific method to be employed should be chosen appropriately based on the geological conditions of the project site. Common auxiliary methods used in retaining pile construction include water jetting for pile installation, mechanical augering (using steel probes or spiral augers), and the use of steel pile tips or high-impact pile-driving techniques. Therefore, except in rock formations, prefabricated retaining piles can be used in most geological conditions.

Depending on the engineering geological conditions, designed pile length, and site construction conditions, the following construction methods and equipment combinations can generally be selected:

Suspension Impact Method: Hydraulic impact hammer + crawler crane;

Suspension Vibration Method: Electric vibratory hammer (or hydraulic vibratory hammer) + crawler crane;

Rack Hammering Method: Impact pile hammer (hydraulic impact hammer, diesel pile hammer) + crawler-type frame;

Robotic Arm Vibration Method: Crawler excavator + hydraulic vibratory hammer (generally suitable for piles not exceeding 12 meters in length);

Hydrostatic method: Static pile drivers (available in two types: clamp-type and top-pressure type);

Pile-driving method: Rotary drilling rig, integrated drilling and pressure unit, down-the-hole casing-following drilling rig.

Hammering method

The hammering method is currently a widely used pile-driving technique.

Land piling

Mast-type rack + hydraulic impact hammer (16t-20t);

Pile driving on water

Marine pile-driving vessel + guide rod hammer (or hydraulic impact hammer)

Construction Method Advantages

High penetrating power, capable of adapting to geological conditions with relatively high N-values (≤30 blows).

Suspension Impact Method

Applicable scenarios

The suspended impact method is suitable for construction near water bodies where the engineering geology is relatively hard and a construction interface is available.

Construction Method Advantages

It has strong penetrating power and can adapt to geological conditions with higher N-values (≤25 blows). It can be suspended for construction over a certain distance and is also suitable for construction interfaces where there are significant elevation differences on site.

Robotic Arm Vibration Method

Applicable scenarios

This method is generally suitable for shore-side construction involving piles with smaller specifications and shorter lengths (≤12m), in areas with relatively soft engineering geology, and where a certain construction interface is available. When the N-value is relatively high, mechanical pilot drilling can be used to assist in pile driving.